mikurensis’ was considered an opportunistic bacterium that chiefly afflicted immune-suppressed patients with particular hematologic or autoimmune diseases. mikurensis’ tropism for vascular endothelium. Severe cases of neoehrlichiosis typically feature high fever with thromboembolic or vascular complications, which is a consequence of ‘ Ca. The bacterium gained attention in 2010, when several case reports revealed its capacity to cause human disease, which was later named as neoehrlichiosis. In Europe, it is one of the most common human-pathogenic microbes carried by Ixodes ricinus ticks, after Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Rickettsia spp. ‘ Candidatus (Ca.) Neoehrlichia (N.) mikurensis’ was first isolated in ticks and wild rodents on the Japanese island of Mikura in 2004. ruminantium were identified to explain their common tropism for vascular endothelium. No protein-coding genes exclusively shared by N. mikurensis’ strains was extremely low, between 0.14 and 0.22‰, a variation that was associated with geographic origin. The genetic variability of the three whole-genome-sequenced ‘ N. mikurensis’ was more closely related to Ehrlichia chaffeensis than to Ehrlichia ruminantium, the opposite of what 16SrRNA sequence-based phylogenetic analyses determined. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that ‘ N. mikurensis’ was found to have the next smallest genome of the Anaplasmataceae family (1.1 Mbp with 27% GC contents) consisting of 845 protein-coding genes, every third of which with unknown function. The genomes were obtained by extraction of DNA from patient plasma, library preparation using 10× Chromium technology, and sequencing by Illumina Hiseq-4500. mikurensis’ strains derived from Swedish patients diagnosed with neoehrlichiosis.
Here, we present the de novo whole-genome sequences of three ‘ N. mikurensis’ genomic relatedness with other Anaplasmataceae members, intra-species genotypic variability and potential virulence factors explaining its tropism for vascular endothelium. The aim of this study was to advance the knowledge regarding ‘ N. The only available genetic data on this new pathogen are six partially sequenced housekeeping genes. This strict intracellular pathogen is a member of the family Anaplasmataceae and has been unculturable until recently. Tick-borne ‘ Neoehrlichia (N.) mikurensis’ is the cause of neoehrlichiosis, an infectious vasculitis of humans.
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